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Beschreibung
Reguläre Ausdrücke sind Muster, mit denen man den Aufbau von Zeichenketten beschreibt.
Characters
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
x
| The character x
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\\
| The backslash character
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\0n
| The character with octal value 0n (0 <= n <= 7)
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\0nn
| The character with octal value 0nn (0 <= n <= 7)
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\0mnn
| The character with octal value 0mnn (0 <= m <= 3, 0 <= n <= 7)
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\xhh
| The character with hexadecimal value 0xhh
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\uhhhh
| The character with hexadecimal value 0xhhhh
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\t
| The tab character ('\u0009')
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\n
| The newline (line feed) character ('\u000A')
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\r
| The carriage-return character ('\u000D')
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\f
| The form-feed character ('\u000C')
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\a
| The alert (bell) character ('\u0007')
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\e
| The escape character ('\u001B')
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\cx
| The control character corresponding to x
|
Character classes
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
[abc]
| a, b, or c (simple class)
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[^abc]
| Any character except a, b, or c (negation)
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[a-zA-Z]
| a through z or A through Z, inclusive (range)
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[a-d[m-p]]
| a through d, or m through p: [a-dm-p] (union)
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[a-z&&[def]]
| d, e, or f (intersect1)
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[a-z&&[^bc]]
| a through z, except for b and c: [ad-z] (subtraction)
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[a-z&&[^m-p]]
| a through z, and not m through p: [a-lq-z](subtraction)
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Predefined character classes
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
.
| Any character
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\d
| A digit: [0-9]
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\D
| A non-digit: [^0-9]
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\s
| A whitespace character: [ \t\n\x0B\f\r]
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\S
| A non-whitespace character: [^\s]
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\w
| A word character: [a-zA-Z_0-9]
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\W
| A non-word character: [^\w]
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POSIX character classes (US-ASCII only)
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
\p{Lower}
| A lower-case alphabetic character: [a-z]
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\p{Upper}
| An upper-case alphabetic character:[A-Z]
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\p{ASCII}
| All ASCII:[\x00-\x7F]
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\p{Alpha}
| An alphabetic character:[\p{Lower}\p{Upper}]
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\p{Digit}
| A decimal digit: [0-9]
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\p{Alnum}
| An alphanumeric character:[\p{Alpha}\p{Digit}]
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\p{Punct}
| }~
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\p{Graph}
| A visible character: [\p{Alnum}\p{Punct}]
|
\p{Print}
| A printable character: [\p{Graph}]
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\p{Blank}
| A space or a tab: [ \t]
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\p{Cntrl}
| A control character: [\x00-\x1F\x7F]
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\p{XDigit}
| A hexadecimal digit: [0-9a-fA-F]
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\p{Space}
| A whitespace character: [ \t\n\x0B\f\r]
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Classes for Unicode blocks and categories
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
\p{InGreek}
| A character in the Greek block (simple block)
|
\p{Lu}
| An uppercase letter (simple category)
|
\p{Sc}
| A currency symbol
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\P{InGreek}
| Any character except one in the Greek block (negation)
|
[\p{L}&&[^\p{Lu}]]
| Any letter except an uppercase letter (subtraction)
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Boundary matchers
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
^
| The beginning of a line
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$
| The end of a line
|
\b
| A word boundary
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\B
| A non-word boundary
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\A
| The beginning of the input
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\G
| The end of the previous match
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\Z
| The end of the input but for the final terminator, if any
|
\z
| The end of the input
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Greedy quantifiers
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
X?
| X, once or not at all
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X*
| X, zero or more times
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X+
| X, one or more times
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X{n}
| X, exactly n times
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X(n,}
| X, at least n times
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X{n,m}
| X, at least n but not more than m times
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Reluctant quantifiers
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
X??
| X, once or not at all
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X*?
| X, zero or more times
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X+?
| X, one or more times
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X{n}?
| X, exactly n times
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X(n,}?
| X, at least n times
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X{n,m}?
| X, at least n but not more than m times
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Possessive quantifiers
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
X?+
| X, once or not at all
|
X*+
| X, zero or more times
|
X++
| X, one or more times
|
X{n}+
| X, exactly n times
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X(n,}+
| X, at least n times
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X{n,m}+
| X, at least n but not more than m times
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Logical operators
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
XY
| X followed by Y
|
| Y
| Either X or Y
|
(X)
| X, as a capturing group
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Back references
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
\n
| Whatever the nth capturing group matched
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Quotation
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
\
| Nothing, but quotes the following character
|
\Q
| Nothing, but quotes all characters until \E
|
\E
| Nothing, but ends quoting started by \Q
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Special constructs (non-capturing)
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
(?:X)
| X, as a non-capturing group
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(?idmsux-idmsux)
| Nothing, but turns match flags on - off
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(?idmsux-idmsux:X)
| X, as a non-capturing group with the given flags on - off
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(?=X)
| X, via zero-width positive lookahead
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(?!X)
| X, via zero-width negative lookahead
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(?<=X)
| X, via zero-width negative lookahead
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(?>X)
| X, as an independent, non-capturing group
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Embedded flag expressions
| Ausdruck | Bedeutung
|
(?u)
| Pattern.UNICODE_CASE
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(?s)
| Pattern.DOTALL
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(?m)
| Pattern.MULTILINE
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(?i)
| Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE
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(?x)
| Pattern.COMMENTS
|
(?d)
| Pattern.UNIX_LINES
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---
| Pattern.CANON_EQ (not available)
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